紅外技術概況:

所有物體都發出紅外熱能源,包括自然物體和人為物體。在觀察時,通過偵測非常細微的溫度差異,紅外(或熱成像)技術揭示了肉眼看不到的另外一面。即使在完全黑暗的和具有挑戰性的天氣條件,熱成像讓使用者能夠看到人眼看不見的另一面。
最初開發熱成像是為了軍事目的,熱成像一直被執法,消防和救援小組和安全專業人員所使用。這項技術可以用來檢測接近的人員或車輛,跟蹤逃犯的腳步或得知一個消防救災失效的原因。

光線基礎:
為了理解熱成像,了解一些光線的知識是非常重要的。一個光線波的能量是與它的波長相關的:較短的波長有較高的能量。可見光,紫光能量 ,紅光最少。可見光譜的旁邊是紅外光譜。

紅外線可分為三類:

  1. Near-infrared (near-IR) - 最接近可見光,近紅外光譜的波長範圍從0.7到1.3微米,或十億分之700米到十億分之1300米。
  2. Mid-infrared (mid-IR) - 中紅外波長的範圍是從1.3微米到3微米。近紅外和中紅外是被各種電子設備所使作,包括遠程控制。
  3. Thermal-infrared (thermal-IR)  - 占領紅外光譜的 部分,熱紅外波長從3微米到起過30微米。

熱紅外與其它兩種紅外的關鍵的區別,是熱紅外是通過物體反射所發射。紅外光被髮射的原因是一個對象正在發生原子聚變。 

熱成像-其工作原理如下:

一個特殊的聚焦鏡頭可以檢測到所有物體發射的紅外光。

被集中的光線通過紅外探測器分階段被掃描。該探測器創建了一個非常詳細的溫度圖樣稱為溫度曲線。它只需要花費探測陳列的三十分之二,以獲取溫度信息製成溫度曲線。這一溫度信息是從視場里几千個探測陳列中被獲得。

通過探測器被創建的溫度圖樣被轉化為電子脈衝。

該電子脈衝傳送到信號處理單元,一個帶有專用芯片的電路板翻譯這些信息從要素到顯示的數據。

信號處理單元發送該信息到顯示,它顯示不同的顏色根據紅外輻射的強度。結全來自所有要素的所有電子脈衝創建了圖象。

Types of Thermal Imaging Devices

Most thermal-imaging devices scan at a rate of 30 times per second. They can sense temperatures ranging from -4 degrees Fahrenheit (-20 degrees Celsius) to 3,600 F (2,000 C), and can normally detect changes in temperature of about 0.4 F (0.2 C).

See:  TanYing Thermal Imaging Weapon Sight

There are two common types of thermal-imaging devices:

Un-cooled - This is the most common type of thermal-imaging device. The infrared-detector elements are contained in a unit that operates at room temperature. This type of system is completely quiet, activates immediately and has the battery built right in.

Cryogenically cooled - More expensive and more susceptible to damage from rugged use, these systems have the elements sealed inside a container that cools them to below 32 F (zero C). The advantage of such a system is the incredible resolution and sensitivity that result from cooling the elements. Cryogenically-cooled systems can "see" a difference as small as 0.2 F (0.1 C) from more than 1,000 ft (300 m) away, which is enough to tell if a person is holding a gun at that distance!

Unlike traditional most night-vision equipment which uses image-enhancement technology, thermal imaging is great for detecting people or working in near-absolute darkness with little or no ambient lighting (i.e. stars, moonlight, etc, ).


See TianYing Thermal Imaging Weapon Sight Video:

6.5倍紅外熱成像槍瞄-瞄準鏡看人在600米,850米,950米效果